magnifying glasses, microscopes, or endoscopes).
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Crack testing with visual inspection (VT)ĭuring visual inspection procedures, surface-related quality features such as shape deviations, defects, or the surface condition of a component are viewed and evaluated with the naked eye or using optical gadgets(e.g. Essential influencing factors are the test material, the size, the defect pattern, and the test task, as well as the required cycle time and the available budget.ġ. Based upon this, different methods are available depending on the testing task:ĭifferent test methods are used depending on the application. On this note, the field of non-destructive testing has been developed. As a result, a complete test is methodologically impossible. As the need for testing increases, the cost of the scrap caused by the test rises. A distinction is made between two classical approaches:Ĭomponents from batches that are later resold and installed can only be tested in a random and destructive manner. There are several methods for component testing. Which methods are available for the detection of cracks in cast components? With the optimum design even cracks with a depth of only 30 µm can be found. The defect size which can still be resolved with the STATOGRAPH depends on the component and its material as well as on the test frequency and the probe used. The STATOGRAPH testing instrument from FOERSTER, for example, is usually employed to verify this. In road traffic, such a defective component can quickly lead to life-threatening situations.įor this reason, customers expect that even the smallest defects with a depth of only a few micrometers will be found and reliably displayed during the inspection process. Think of a crack in a brake disc: there is a chance that after a certain period of operation the brake disc severely tears while decelerating. In the worst scenario, this can lead to component failure. This is because even the smallest cracks, which initially do not pose a problem, can become enlarged and widen under permanent load. Eddy current testing is usually used here. The most common types of defects to be found in a surface inspection are:Ĭlassical component defects are cracks spotted in the material surface. For instance, decisive influencing factors are the application area of the component, the material that is made of, and its dimensions. The defects catalog from customers is diverse. What sort of defects can be found in components? These ensure a continuous and in-depth inspection of safety-relevant components during the manufacturing process and before installation. If the pipelines of a building fail, considerable water damage can follow with subsequent high renovation costs.Īccordingly, standards in the automotive sector and many other industries are defined. If, for example, a roller coaster breaks apart while operating, human lives are immediately endangered. There are many safety-critical applications or major economic consequential damages where components fail or do not meet their requirements. Why is non-destructive material testing necessary? Far more extensive tests are therefore essential to prove the corresponding properties over the service life. This is attributed to the fact that a higher demand is being increasingly placed on testing the components in parallel with continuous operation. At the same time, in many industries it is no longer sufficient to test only the geometric dimension of a component. Due to its efficient performance, this inspection procedure has become crucial for comprehensive process control. Non-destructive material testing has become firmly established in process monitoring in recent years. The 6 most important methods for crack testing in non-destructive material testing
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